In 1891 the British Explosives Syndicate established an explosives factory on the marshland now occupied by Wat Tyler Country Park. Historical research links Alfred Nobel with the enterprise as a silent or secret partner in its early period.
The works manufactured nitro-glycerine-based explosives including dynamite and gelignite, much of it for mining and blasting. In 1902 additional buildings were provided for cordite-related manufacture. Cordite was a smokeless propellant used in ammunition.
Workers could be searched for metal objects capable of creating sparks, including matches, coins, watches and jewellery. Wooden walkways reduced the risk of footwear picking up stones, while buildings handling explosives could have lead-covered floors.
The danger was real. Historical material records a fatal accident in May 1916 involving a chemist, his assistant and nitro-glycerine. Fumes were another serious hazard.
Earth blast mounds were positioned around and between factory buildings to help contain or deflect an accidental explosion and prevent it spreading across the works. Their survival makes the former factory layout visible in today's park.
Explosives were stored in magazines around the site. Finished dynamite was wrapped and packed into crates, while wharves allowed materials and explosives to be moved by barge towards Hole Haven and the Thames.